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GENERAL ABOUT EMIGRATION
GENERAL ABOUT EMIGRATION
EMIGRATION OF RELATIVES IN THREE MAJOR WAVES
EMIGRATION OF RELATIVES IN THREE MAJOR WAVES
1. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1860 AND 1914
1. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1860 AND 1914
Between 1860 and 1914, many Slovenes left their homeland due to population growth and limited resources. Farmers gained personal freedom after the abolition of feudalism, and many young people wanted to escape military service. By the First World War, almost a third of the population had emigrated, mainly to the USA, Germany, Argentina and other parts of Austria-Hungary, and to a lesser extent to South America and Canada. A special group was represented by girls from the Primorska and Ziljska dolina (Alexandrines), who worked as wet nurses and nannies in Egypt.
EUROPEAN EMIGRANTS ON AN OCEAN SHIP ENTRY TO ELLIS ISLAND (NEW YORK) IN DECEMBER 1906 (Source: Library of Congress)
2. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1918 AND 1941
2. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1918 AND 1941
Between 1918 and 1941, Slovenes left their homes for economic and political reasons. The Primorska region fled fascism, the Carinthian Slovenes fled German nationalism, and many regions, including Prekmurje, were deliberately economically neglected. As the United States restricted immigration, emigrants focused primarily on Argentina, but also on other parts of South America, Canada, Australia, and Europe, primarily France, Belgium, and Germany. Some also moved to other parts of the Kingdom of SHS, while young girls continued to go to work in Egypt.
ADVICES TO THE EMIGRANT - ISELJENIČKA PUTNA ISPRAVA (EMIGRANT'S TRAVEL DOCUMENT) OF THE KINGDOM OF SHS FROM 1929 (Source: Marina Lozinsky, Montevideo (Uruguay))
3. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE POST-WORLD WAR II PERIOD
3. EMIGRATION WAVE IN THE POST-WORLD WAR II PERIOD
In the period after World War II and in the 1970s, emigration was influenced by political and economic reasons. Immediately after the war, many who opposed the communist regime fled to refugee camps in Austria and Italy and then dispersed around the world, mainly to Argentina, the USA, Australia and Canada. In the following decades, those who came into conflict with the regime also left. In the 1960s, however, many Slovenians emigrated for economic reasons, mainly to Germany, Sweden, France, Australia, Canada and the USA.
MODERN EMIGRATION
MODERN EMIGRATION
fter Slovenia gained independence, emigration continued in smaller numbers, mainly in search of better career opportunities or personal reasons (e.g. adventure). Emigration increased noticeably after the economic and financial crisis (2008/9) and has been steadily increasing since then, currently reaching approximately 9,000 citizens per year. The characteristics of modern migrants are different from the first three waves.
Summarized by:
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